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基本介绍
支持并发安全开关选项的map
容器,最常用的数据结构。该模块包含多个数据结构的map
容器:HashMap
、TreeMap
和ListMap
。
类型 | 数据结构 | 平均复杂度 | 支持排序 | 有序遍历 | 说明 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
HashMap | 哈希表 | O(1) | 否 | 否 | 高性能读写操作,内存占用较高,随机遍历 |
ListMap | 哈希表+双向链表 | O(2) | 否 | 是 | 支持按照写入顺序遍历,内存占用较高 |
TreeMap | 红黑树 | O(log N) | 是 | 是 | 内存占用紧凑,支持键名排序及有序遍历 |
Tip |
---|
此外, |
使用场景:
任何map
/哈希表/关联数组使用场景,尤其是并发安全场景中。
使用方式:
import "github.com/gogf/gf/container/gmap"
接口文档:
https://godoc.org/github.com/gogf/gf/container/gmap
相关文档
并发安全gmap
支持并发安全选项开关,在默认情况下是非并发安全
的,开发者可以选择开启gmap
的并发安全特性(传递初始化开关参数safe
参数值为true
, 必须在初始化时设定,不能运行时动态设定)。如:
m := gmap.New(true)
不仅仅是gmap
模块,goframe
框架的其他并发安全数据结构也支持并发安全特性开关。
使用示例
基本使用
package main
import (
"fmt"
"github.com/gogf/gf/container/gmap"
)
func main() {
// 创建一个默认的gmap对象,
// 默认情况下该gmap对象不支持并发安全特性,
// 初始化时可以给定true参数开启并发安全特性。
m := gmap.New()
// 设置键值对
for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
m.Set(i, i)
}
// 查询大小
fmt.Println(m.Size())
// 批量设置键值对(不同的数据类型对象参数不同)
m.Sets(map[interface{}]interface{}{
10 : 10,
11 : 11,
})
fmt.Println(m.Size())
// 查询是否存在
fmt.Println(m.Contains(1))
// 查询键值
fmt.Println(m.Get(1))
// 删除数据项
m.Remove(9)
fmt.Println(m.Size())
// 批量删除
m.Removes([]interface{}{10, 11})
fmt.Println(m.Size())
// 当前键名列表(随机排序)
fmt.Println(m.Keys())
// 当前键值列表(随机排序)
fmt.Println(m.Values())
// 查询键名,当键值不存在时,写入给定的默认值
fmt.Println(m.GetOrSet(100, 100))
// 删除键值对,并返回对应的键值
fmt.Println(m.Remove(100))
// 遍历map
m.Iterator(func(k interface{}, v interface{}) bool {
fmt.Printf("%v:%v ", k, v)
return true
})
// 自定义写锁操作
m.LockFunc(func(m map[interface{}]interface{}) {
m[99] = 99
})
// 自定义读锁操作
m.RLockFunc(func(m map[interface{}]interface{}) {
fmt.Println(m[99])
})
// 清空map
m.Clear()
// 判断map是否为空
fmt.Println(m.IsEmpty())
}
执行后,输出结果为:
10
12
true
1
11
9
[0 1 2 4 6 7 3 5 8]
[3 5 8 0 1 2 4 6 7]
100
100
3:3 5:5 8:8 7:7 0:0 1:1 2:2 4:4 6:6 99
true
有序遍历
我们来看一下三种不同类型map
的有序性遍历示例。
package main
import (
"fmt"
"github.com/gogf/gf/frame/g"
"github.com/gogf/gf/container/gmap"
"github.com/gogf/gf/util/gutil"
)
func main() {
array := g.Slice{2, 3, 1, 5, 4, 6, 8, 7, 9}
hashMap := gmap.New(true)
listMap := gmap.NewListMap(true)
treeMap := gmap.NewTreeMap(gutil.ComparatorInt, true)
for _, v := range array {
hashMap.Set(v, v)
}
for _, v := range array {
listMap.Set(v, v)
}
for _, v := range array {
treeMap.Set(v, v)
}
fmt.Println("HashMap Keys:", hashMap.Keys())
fmt.Println("HashMap Values:", hashMap.Values())
fmt.Println("ListMap Keys:", listMap.Keys())
fmt.Println("ListMap Values:", listMap.Values())
fmt.Println("TreeMap Keys:", treeMap.Keys())
fmt.Println("TreeMap Values:", treeMap.Values())
}
执行后,输出结果为:
HashMap Keys: [4 6 8 7 9 2 3 1 5]
HashMap Values: [6 8 4 3 1 5 7 9 2]
ListMap Keys: [2 3 1 5 4 6 8 7 9]
ListMap Values: [2 3 1 5 4 6 8 7 9]
TreeMap Keys: [1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9]
TreeMap Values: [1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9]
FilterEmpty/FilterNil
空值过滤
package main
import (
"fmt"
"github.com/gogf/gf/container/gmap"
"github.com/gogf/gf/frame/g"
)
func main() {
m1 := gmap.NewFrom(g.MapAnyAny{
"k1": "",
"k2": nil,
"k3": 0,
"k4": 1,
})
m2 := gmap.NewFrom(g.MapAnyAny{
"k1": "",
"k2": nil,
"k3": 0,
"k4": 1,
})
m1.FilterEmpty()
m2.FilterNil()
fmt.Println(m1.Map())
fmt.Println(m2.Map())
// Output:
// map[k4:1]
// map[k1: k3:0 k4:1]
}
Flip
键值对反转
package main
import (
"fmt"
"github.com/gogf/gf/container/gmap"
"github.com/gogf/gf/frame/g"
)
func main() {
var m gmap.Map
m.Sets(g.MapAnyAny{
"k1": "v1",
"k2": "v2",
})
m.Flip()
fmt.Println(m.Map())
// May Output:
// map[v1:k1 v2:k2]
}
Keys/Values
键名/数值列表
package main
import (
"fmt"
"github.com/gogf/gf/container/gmap"
"github.com/gogf/gf/frame/g"
)
func main() {
var m gmap.Map
m.Sets(g.MapAnyAny{
"k1": "v1",
"k2": "v2",
"k3": "v3",
"k4": "v4",
})
fmt.Println(m.Keys())
fmt.Println(m.Values())
// May Output:
// [k1 k2 k3 k4]
// [v2 v3 v4 v1]
}
Pop/Pops
随机出栈
package main
import (
"fmt"
"github.com/gogf/gf/container/gmap"
"github.com/gogf/gf/frame/g"
)
func main() {
var m gmap.Map
m.Sets(g.MapAnyAny{
"k1": "v1",
"k2": "v2",
"k3": "v3",
"k4": "v4",
})
fmt.Println(m.Pop())
fmt.Println(m.Pops(2))
fmt.Println(m.Size())
// May Output:
// k1 v1
// map[k2:v2 k4:v4]
// 1
}
SetIfNotExist*
判断性写入
判断性写入是指当指定的键名不存在时则写入并且方法返回true
,否则忽略写入并且方法返回false
。相关方法如下:
SetIfNotExist
SetIfNotExistFunc
SetIfNotExistFuncLock
方法具体描述请查看接口文档或源码注释。
package main
import (
"fmt"
"github.com/gogf/gf/container/gmap"
)
func main() {
var m gmap.Map
fmt.Println(m.SetIfNotExist("k1", "v1"))
fmt.Println(m.SetIfNotExist("k1", "v1"))
fmt.Println(m.Map())
// Output:
// true
// false
// map[k1:v1]
}
Merge
字典表合并
package main
import (
"fmt"
"github.com/gogf/gf/container/gmap"
)
func main() {
var m1, m2 gmap.Map
m1.Set("key1", "val1")
m2.Set("key2", "val2")
m1.Merge(&m2)
fmt.Println(m1.Map())
// May Output:
// map[key1:val1 key2:val2]
}
JSON
序列化/反序列
gmap
模块下的所有容器类型均实现了标准库json
数据格式的序列化/反序列化接口。
1. Marshal
Code Block | ||
---|---|---|
| ||
package main import ( "encoding/json" "fmt" "github.com/gogf/gf/frame/g" "github.com/gogf/gf/container/gmap" ) func main() { m := gmap.New() m.Sets(g.MapAnyAny{ "name": "john", "score": 100, }) b, _ := json.Marshal(m) fmt.Println(string(b)) } |
执行后,输出结果:
Code Block | ||
---|---|---|
| ||
{"name":"john","score":100} |
2.Unmarshal
package main
import (
"encoding/json"
"fmt"
"github.com/gogf/gf/container/gmap"
)
func main() {
m := gmap.Map{}
s := []byte(`{"name":"john","score":100}`)
json.Unmarshal(s, &m)
fmt.Println(m.Map())
}
执行后,输出结果:
map[name:john score:100]
性能测试
并发安全
https://github.com/gogf/gf/blob/master/container/gmap/gmap_z_bench_safe_test.go
goos: linux
goarch: amd64
Benchmark_IntIntMap_Set-4 10000000 202 ns/op 15 B/op 0 allocs/op
Benchmark_IntAnyMap_Set-4 10000000 262 ns/op 29 B/op 1 allocs/op
Benchmark_IntStrMap_Set-4 10000000 241 ns/op 22 B/op 0 allocs/op
Benchmark_AnyAnyMap_Set-4 5000000 359 ns/op 40 B/op 2 allocs/op
Benchmark_StrIntMap_Set-4 5000000 305 ns/op 26 B/op 1 allocs/op
Benchmark_StrAnyMap_Set-4 5000000 354 ns/op 40 B/op 2 allocs/op
Benchmark_StrStrMap_Set-4 5000000 338 ns/op 32 B/op 1 allocs/op
Benchmark_IntIntMap_Get-4 20000000 86.6 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
Benchmark_IntAnyMap_Get-4 30000000 69.7 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
Benchmark_IntStrMap_Get-4 30000000 69.6 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
Benchmark_AnyAnyMap_Get-4 20000000 74.4 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
Benchmark_StrIntMap_Get-4 20000000 116 ns/op 7 B/op 0 allocs/op
Benchmark_StrAnyMap_Get-4 20000000 92.3 ns/op 7 B/op 0 allocs/op
Benchmark_StrStrMap_Get-4 20000000 91.9 ns/op 7 B/op 0 allocs/op
非并发安全
v2/container/gmap" |
接口文档:
https://pkg.go.devhttps://github.com/gogf/gf/blob/masterv2/container/gmap/gmap_z_bench_unsafe_test.go
goos: linux
goarch: amd64
Benchmark_Unsafe_IntIntMap_Set-4 10000000 318 ns/op 62 B/op 0 allocs/op
Benchmark_Unsafe_IntAnyMap_Set-4 5000000 282 ns/op 57 B/op 1 allocs/op
Benchmark_Unsafe_IntStrMap_Set-4 5000000 332 ns/op 82 B/op 1 allocs/op
Benchmark_Unsafe_AnyAnyMap_Set-4 3000000 471 ns/op 73 B/op 2 allocs/op
Benchmark_Unsafe_StrIntMap_Set-4 5000000 429 ns/op 82 B/op 1 allocs/op
Benchmark_Unsafe_StrAnyMap_Set-4 3000000 424 ns/op 73 B/op 2 allocs/op
Benchmark_Unsafe_StrStrMap_Set-4 2000000 515 ns/op 96 B/op 2 allocs/op
Benchmark_Unsafe_IntIntMap_Get-4 10000000 133 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
Benchmark_Unsafe_IntAnyMap_Get-4 20000000 134 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
Benchmark_Unsafe_IntStrMap_Get-4 10000000 126 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
Benchmark_Unsafe_AnyAnyMap_Get-4 10000000 166 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
Benchmark_Unsafe_StrIntMap_Get-4 5000000 246 ns/op 7 B/op 0 allocs/op
Benchmark_Unsafe_StrAnyMap_Get-4 10000000 238 ns/op 7 B/op 0 allocs/op
Benchmark_Unsafe_StrStrMap_Get-4 5000000 229 ns/op 7 B/op 0 allocs/op
不同类型map性能
https://github.com/gogf/gf/blob/master/container/gmap/gmap_z_bench_maps_test.go
goos: linux
goarch: amd64
Benchmark_HashMap_Set-4 5000000 349 ns/op 40 B/op 2 allocs/op
Benchmark_ListMap_Set-4 3000000 455 ns/op 87 B/op 3 allocs/op
Benchmark_TreeMap_Set-4 3000000 481 ns/op 28 B/op 2 allocs/op
Benchmark_HashMap_Get-4 30000000 67.8 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
Benchmark_ListMap_Get-4 20000000 74.5 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
Benchmark_TreeMap_Get-4 20000000 189 ns/op 8 B/op 1 allocs/op
gmap
与sync.Map
性能比较
go语言从1.9
版本开始引入了并发安全的sync.Map
,但gmap
比较于标准库的sync.Map
性能更加优异,并且功能更加丰富。
我们来看看基准测试对比结果:https://github.com/gogf/gf/blob/master/container/gmap/gmap_z_bench_syncmap_test.go
goos: linux
goarch: amd64
Benchmark_GMapSet-4 10000000 209 ns/op 15 B/op 0 allocs/op
Benchmark_SyncMapSet-4 3000000 451 ns/op 67 B/op 3 allocs/op
Benchmark_GMapGet-4 30000000 66.4 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
Benchmark_SyncMapGet-4 30000000 36.0 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
Benchmark_GMapRemove-4 10000000 207 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
Benchmark_SyncMapRmove-4 30000000 42.4 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
相关文档
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